Dyshidrotic eczema, also called pompholyx, causes small, intensely itchy blisters on the palms, sides of the fingers or soles of the feet. The condition is not contagious. Blisters may clear within several weeks, but flare-ups can return and the skin may later become dry, cracked and painful.
Symptoms
- deep, fluid-filled blisters on the hands or feet
- intense itching, burning or tingling
- redness, scaling, peeling and painful cracks
- thickened skin after repeated episodes
Triggers and associated factors
The exact cause is not fully understood. Flare-ups may be associated with stress, heat, sweating, prolonged wet work, irritating personal care products, nickel or cobalt sensitivity and a personal or family history of eczema or allergic disease. A fungal infection on the feet can sometimes be associated with a hand flare.
Treatment and skin protection
- Use fragrance-free moisturising cream or ointment frequently, especially after washing.
- Wash with lukewarm water and a mild fragrance-free cleanser.
- Protect hands from detergents and wet work with cotton-lined waterproof gloves.
- Avoid scratching or deliberately breaking the blisters.
- Use cool compresses to ease discomfort.
A clinician may prescribe a topical corticosteroid for a flare. Persistent or severe disease may require patch testing, treatment for excessive sweating, light therapy or medicines that affect the immune response. Dietary restriction of nickel or cobalt should only be considered after specialist assessment because unnecessary restriction can make a diet unbalanced.
When to seek medical advice
Seek an assessment if this is the first episode, the diagnosis is uncertain, the rash is severe or keeps returning, or treatment is not helping. Other conditions, including contact dermatitis and fungal infection, can look similar.
Get prompt medical help if pain, redness, warmth or swelling is increasing, or if there is pus, yellow crusting, red streaking or fever. These can indicate infection.
Sources
- American Academy of Dermatology: Dyshidrotic eczema
- American Academy of Dermatology: Dyshidrotic eczema self-care
Reviewed: 28 August 2026