Type 2 diabetes is a chronic condition in which blood glucose levels become too high because the body does not use insulin effectively and, over time, may not produce enough insulin. Early diagnosis and treatment can reduce the risk of complications.
Possible symptoms
- Increased thirst
- Frequent urination
- Fatigue
- Blurred vision
- Slow-healing wounds
- Recurrent infections
- Numbness or tingling in the feet
- Unexplained weight loss in some people
Type 2 diabetes can also develop without noticeable symptoms.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis is based on blood glucose testing such as A1C (HbA1c), fasting plasma glucose or an oral glucose tolerance test. Abnormal results are often confirmed with repeat testing unless symptoms and glucose levels clearly establish the diagnosis.
Treatment
Management may include nutritious eating patterns, regular physical activity, weight management when appropriate, glucose-lowering medicines and monitoring of blood glucose. Some people need insulin. Blood pressure, cholesterol, kidney health, eye health and foot health are also important parts of diabetes care.
When to seek urgent care
Seek urgent medical assessment for severe dehydration, persistent vomiting, marked drowsiness or confusion, breathing difficulty or very high glucose accompanied by serious illness.
Related topics
Sources and further reading
Last reviewed: 4 September 2026. This page provides general health information and does not replace individual medical assessment or treatment.